Heterogeneous Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are spatially distributed micro sensor systems. A WSN with large number of tiny nodes can be effectively used for gathering data in variety of environments like civil or military applications. WSN is a power constrained system, since nodes run on limited power batteries which shorten the life time of the system. Prolonging the life time depends on efficient communication protocol architecture. Energy consumption is therefore one of the most crucial design issue in WSN. So major challenge in WSN is to developing energy-efficient routing protocol which has significant impact on overall life time of the WSN.A clustering technique are the basics technique used to increase scalability, efficiency & life time of the sensors. LEACH hierarchical homogeneous communication protocol which greatly minimizes the energy consumed in collecting and disseminating data. In LEACH sensors nodes are considered to be homogeneous but some nodes may be used of different energy to prolong the life time of WSN and its reliability. In this paper, we study the impact of heterogeneity in energy of nodes to prolong the life time of WSN. A protocol is proposed, which is heterogeneous in energy than the LEACH protocol. Simulation results using NS-2.27 are shows that the proposed Leachheterogeneous system significantly reduces energy consumption and increase the total lifetime of the wireless sensor network compared to the homogeneous LEACH protocol.